United Kingdom Carbon Dioxide Market Size, Share & Trends, Growth 2025–2034

The United Kingdom carbon dioxide market has evolved significantly over the years, experiencing consistent growth across various sectors. The market reached a volume of 725.8 KMT (Kilotonnes) in 2024 and is expected to witness a steady growth rate of 1.5% CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) from 2025 to 2034, reaching a projected volume of 840.5 KMT by 2034. The UK is positioning itself as a significant player in the CO2 market, leveraging both industrial applications and environmental regulations to drive further advancements.

This article delves into the key aspects of the United Kingdom carbon dioxide market, including market outlook, trends, dynamics, opportunities, challenges, and a competitor analysis to help businesses and investors better understand the evolving landscape of this vital sector.

United Kingdom Carbon Dioxide Market Outlook

The United Kingdom carbon dioxide market has witnessed steady growth in recent years, driven by a surge in demand across various industries, such as food and beverages, healthcare, and oil and gas. As of 2024, the carbon dioxide market in the UK is valued at 725.8 KMT, and it is poised to grow at a rate of 1.5% annually through 2034. This growth is attributed to several factors, including the increasing demand for carbonated beverages, the healthcare sector’s reliance on CO2 for medical procedures, and the oil and gas industry’s need for CO2 in enhanced oil recovery (EOR).

One of the key drivers for this growth is the increasing focus on reducing carbon emissions. The United Kingdom is committed to becoming a net-zero emitter of greenhouse gases by 2050, which involves capturing and storing carbon dioxide. This regulatory shift is expected to further fuel the demand for CO2, both for industrial applications and as part of carbon capture technologies.

The United Kingdom is also experiencing a rising interest in the development of CO2 utilization technologies. Innovations in capturing and converting CO2 into valuable products such as fuels, chemicals, and building materials are likely to offer significant market opportunities in the coming decade.

United Kingdom Carbon Dioxide Market Share & Trends

Market Share of Carbon Dioxide in the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom’s carbon dioxide market is widely used across various industries, with each sector contributing differently to the total demand. The food and beverage sector remains the leading application area for CO2. The beverage industry, particularly carbonated drinks, accounts for a substantial share of the market due to the high demand for CO2 in carbonation. Additionally, the food industry uses CO2 for food preservation and packaging to extend the shelf life of perishables.

The oil and gas sector also plays a significant role, with CO2 being used in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) to boost oil extraction from aging oil fields. The industrial application of CO2 in welding, metal fabrication, and fire suppression systems contributes to the market share as well.

The healthcare sector’s demand for CO2 is on the rise, especially in medical applications such as insufflation during laparoscopic surgeries. CO2’s ability to safely inflate body cavities in minimally invasive procedures makes it indispensable for modern healthcare practices.

Key Trends in the United Kingdom Carbon Dioxide Market

Sustainability and Environmental Regulations
The trend of sustainability is one of the most significant drivers in the United Kingdom carbon dioxide market. With stricter environmental regulations and the commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, the UK government is encouraging industries to adopt sustainable practices. This has led to increased investments in carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, which capture CO2 emissions from industrial processes and store them underground.

Rising Demand for Carbonated Products
Carbonated beverages, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic, continue to dominate the demand for CO2 in the United Kingdom. The increasing popularity of sparkling waters, soda, and energy drinks is driving the demand for CO2 as carbonation is a critical component of these products. Additionally, demand for alcoholic beverages like beer and sparkling wine further increases the overall demand for CO2 in this sector.

Technological Advancements in CO2 Utilization
Innovations in CO2 utilization technologies are shaping the future of the market. These technologies involve capturing CO2 and converting it into useful products like synthetic fuels, chemicals, and even biodegradable plastics. The UK has been focusing on developing CO2 capture and storage technologies that can reduce emissions while simultaneously creating economic opportunities by transforming CO2 into valuable resources.

Adoption of CO2 as a Refrigerant
The shift towards using CO2 as an environmentally friendly refrigerant is another notable trend in the United Kingdom carbon dioxide market. CO2 refrigerants are gaining popularity due to their low global warming potential (GWP) compared to traditional refrigerants. This trend aligns with global sustainability efforts and the European Union’s regulations on reducing the use of high-GWP refrigerants.

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United Kingdom Carbon Dioxide Market Dynamics & Trends

Demand and Supply Dynamics

The demand for carbon dioxide in the United Kingdom is primarily driven by industries such as food and beverage, oil and gas, healthcare, and industrial applications. As the UK remains a global hub for food and beverage production, the demand for CO2 in carbonating drinks and preserving perishables is substantial. Moreover, the UK’s strong oil and gas sector contributes to the high demand for CO2 in enhanced oil recovery, which helps increase oil extraction from mature fields.

The supply of carbon dioxide in the UK is influenced by both domestic production and imports from neighboring regions, including North America and the European Union. The key challenge for suppliers is maintaining consistent and reliable supply chains, particularly in the face of rising demand and potential disruptions due to regulatory changes or infrastructure limitations.

Technological Advancements in CO2 Production and Storage

One of the key factors influencing the dynamics of the carbon dioxide market is the rapid advancement of CO2 production and storage technologies. The development of efficient carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies has allowed the UK to capture CO2 emissions from industrial sources and store them underground. This has become a crucial part of the government’s strategy to meet its carbon reduction targets.

Additionally, new methods for utilizing captured CO2 are emerging, with industries exploring ways to convert CO2 into valuable products. For example, CO2 is being used to produce synthetic fuels, chemicals, and even carbon-based construction materials, which offer both economic and environmental benefits.

Regulatory Environment and Policy Framework

The regulatory landscape is another key factor shaping the market dynamics. The United Kingdom has implemented a series of policies and regulations to reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable industrial practices. The UK government’s push for net-zero emissions by 2050 and the introduction of carbon pricing mechanisms are creating a favorable environment for CO2 market growth. Furthermore, financial incentives for carbon capture and utilization technologies are helping stimulate investment in these areas.

United Kingdom Carbon Dioxide Market Opportunities and Challenges

Opportunities in the Market

Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) Technologies
The United Kingdom has significant opportunities to develop and commercialize carbon capture and utilization technologies. By converting CO2 into valuable products such as fuels and chemicals, businesses can turn environmental challenges into economic opportunities. The government’s support for CCU technologies provides a favorable market environment for innovation and growth.

Expanding Use of CO2 in the Food and Beverage Industry
The food and beverage industry, particularly the carbonated drink sector, remains one of the largest consumers of CO2 in the United Kingdom. As demand for carbonated products continues to rise, there is significant growth potential in this sector. Companies that specialize in CO2 supply and distribution can benefit from this long-term demand.

Sustainable Refrigeration Solutions
The adoption of CO2 as a refrigerant is another key opportunity. With global pressure to reduce the use of high-GWP refrigerants, CO2-based refrigeration systems are gaining traction. This shift opens up new avenues for CO2 suppliers to meet the demand for environmentally friendly refrigeration systems in the retail, hospitality, and industrial sectors.

Challenges in the Market

Regulatory and Compliance Costs
While regulations encouraging sustainability provide opportunities, they also present challenges in terms of compliance costs. Businesses in the carbon dioxide industry must invest heavily in technologies to meet environmental standards, which can strain resources and increase operational costs.

Volatility in CO2 Prices
The price of CO2 can be volatile due to fluctuations in supply and demand. Factors such as changes in raw material costs, production capacity, and geopolitical developments can lead to price instability, which can impact profitability for companies involved in the CO2 supply chain.

Infrastructure and Logistics Constraints
The infrastructure for capturing, transporting, and storing CO2 is still developing in the UK. Investments in infrastructure are needed to ensure the efficient delivery of CO2 to industries, particularly in remote or hard-to-reach areas. Logistics and transportation challenges can impact the overall market growth if not addressed.

Competitor Analysis 

The United Kingdom carbon dioxide market is home to several key players, with both domestic and international companies vying for market share. Key competitors in this market include:

BOC Limited (Linde): A major industrial gas provider in the UK, part of Linde Group, serving diverse sectors including healthcare, chemicals, and manufacturing.

Air Liquide UK Ltd: A branch of the global Air Liquide Group, specializing in gases and services for industries such as healthcare, energy, and manufacturing.

Nippon Gases: A key player in the UK industrial gases market, offering solutions across healthcare, manufacturing, and food industries.

Progases (UK) Ltd: A UK-based supplier of industrial and specialty gases for a wide range of applications, including food, healthcare, and manufacturing.

Others: Various smaller regional players providing specialized industrial gas solutions across different industries.

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